How Much Does Diversification Actually Reduce Portfolio Risk?
An empirical investigation into correlation, covariance and cross-asset portfolio construction.
We build three portfolios from six exchange-traded funds spanning equities, government bonds, gold and emerging markets, and decompose each portfolio's volatility using its full covariance matrix. The report compares a concentrated equity position with progressively more diversified allocations to test what actually drives a reduction in portfolio risk: the number of holdings, or the correlation structure between them.
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